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Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Hasegawa, Yuta; Asahi, Yuichi; Inagaki, Atsushi*; Shimose, Kenichi*; Hirano, Kohin*
Keisan Kogaku Koenkai Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 28, 4 Pages, 2023/05
We have developed a multi-scale wind simulation code named CityLBM that can resolve entire cities to detailed streets. CityLBM enables a real time ensemble simulation for several km square area by applying the locally mesh-refined lattice Boltzmann method on GPU supercomputers. On the other hand, real-world wind simulations contain complex boundary conditions that cannot be modeled, so data assimilation techniques are needed to reflect observed data in the simulation. This study proposes an optimization method for ground surface temperature bias based on an ensemble Kalman filter to reproduce wind conditions within urban city blocks. As a verification of CityLBM, an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) is conducted for the central Tokyo area to estimate boundary conditions from observed near-surface temperature values.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Hasegawa, Yuta; Nakayama, Hiromasa
Dai-36-Kai Suchi Ryutai Rikigaku Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (Internet), 3 Pages, 2022/12
We have developed a wind simulation code named CityLBM to realize wind digital twins. Mesoscale wind conditions are given as boundary conditions in CityLBM by using a nudging data assimilation method. It is found that conventional approaches with constant nudging coefficients fail to reproduce turbulent intensity in long time simulations, where atmospheric stability conditions change significantly. We propose a dynamic parameter optimization method for the nudging coefficient based on an ensemble Kalman filter. CityLBM was validated against plume dispersion experiments in the complex urban environment of Oklahoma City. The nudging coefficient was updated to reduce the error of the turbulent intensity between the simulation and the observation. The mean error of velocity variance is reduced by 
10% compared to the conventional nudging method with a constant nudging coefficient.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Hasegawa, Yuta; Shimokawabe, Takashi*; Aoki, Takayuki*
Keisan Kogaku Koenkai Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 27, 4 Pages, 2022/06
We have developed a wind simulation code named CityLBM to realize wind digital twins. Mesoscale wind conditions are given as boundary conditions in CityLBM by using a nudging data assimilation method. It is found that conventional approaches with constant nudging coefficients fail to reproduce turbulent intensity in long time simulations, where atmospheric stability conditions change significantly. We propose a dynamic parameter optimization method for the nudging coefficient based on a particle filter. CityLBM was validated against plume dispersion experiments in the complex urban environment of Oklahoma City. The nudging coefficient was updated to reduce the error of the turbulent intensity between the simulation and the observation, and the atmospheric boundary layer was reproduced throughout the day.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Hasegawa, Yuta; Nakayama, Hiromasa
Dai-35-Kai Suchi Ryutai Rikigaku Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (Internet), 3 Pages, 2021/12
A detailed wind simulation is very important for designing smart cities. Since a lot of tall buildings and complex structures make the air flow turbulent in urban cities, large-scale CFD simulations are needed. We develop a GPU-based CFD code based on a Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with a block-based Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) method. In order to reproduce real wind conditions, the wind condition and ground temperature of the mesoscale weather forecasting model are given as boundary conditions. In this research, a surface heat flux model based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory was introduced to improve the calculation accuracy. We conducted a detailed wind simulation in Oklahoma City. By executing this computation, wind conditions in the urban area were reproduced with good accuracy.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Hasegawa, Yuta; Nakayama, Hiromasa; Shimokawabe, Takashi*; Aoki, Takayuki*
Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 179(2), p.187 - 208, 2021/05
Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：73.61(Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences)A plume dispersion simulation code named CityLBM enables a real time simulation for several km by applying adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) method on GPU supercomputers. We assess plume dispersion problems in the complex urban environment of Oklahoma City (JU2003). Realistic mesoscale wind boundary conditions of JU2003 produced by a Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF), building structures, and a plant canopy model are introduced to CityLBM. Ensemble calculations are performed to reduce turbulence uncertainties. The statistics of the plume dispersion field, mean and max concentrations show that ensemble calculations improve the accuracy of the estimation, and the ensemble-averaged concentration values in the simulations over 4 km areas with 2-m resolution satisfied factor 2 agreements for 70% of 24 target measurement points and periods in JU2003.
Yokouchi, Hiroshi*; Inagaki, Atsushi*; Kanda, Manabu*; Onodera, Naoyuki
Doboku Gakkai Rombunshu, B1 (Suikogaku) (Internet), 76(2), p.I_253 - I_258, 2020/00
Hight-resolution pollutant model embedded into Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is constructed. We focuses on Particle pollutants. Flow field is calculated using D3Q27 model of LBM and particle is calculated by Lagrangian method. Using this model, we discuss the change in concentration distribution when there is a huge building (GARUDA) in Jakarta as a application. As a result, we can find the relation of differences in particle density and differences in flow velocity due to GARUDA. When the velocity in the case w/o GARUDA is faster than the other, particle velocity in the case w/o GARUDA is reduced. And also, we can find the velocity near the solid boundary is underestimated and the particle density is higher than theoretical value. However, this model is valid far away from the solid boundary.
Inagaki, Atsushi*; Wangsaputra, Y.*; Kanda, Manabu*; Y
cel, M.*; Onodera, Naoyuki; Aoki, Takayuki*
SOLA (Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere) (Internet), 16, p.120 - 124, 2020/00
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：4.23(Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences)The similarity of the turbulence intensity profile with the inner-layer and the outer-layer scalings were examined for an urban boundary layer using numerical simulations. The simulations consider a developing neutral boundary layer over realistic building geometry. The computational domain covers an 19.2 km by 4.8 km and extends up to a height of 1 km with 2-m grids. Several turbulence intensity profiles are defined locally in the computational domain. The inner- and outer-layer scalings work well reducing the scatter of the turbulence intensity within the inner- and outer-layers, respectively, regardless of the surface geometry. Although the main scatters among the scaled profiles are attributed to the mismatch of the parts of the layer and the scaling parameters, their behaviors can also be explained by introducing a non-dimensional parameter which consists of the ratio of length or velocity.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Ali, Y.*; Shimokawabe, Takashi*
Proceedings of 9th Workshop on Latest Advances in Scalable Algorithms for Large-Scale Systems (ScalA 2018) (Internet), p.9 - 16, 2018/11
Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：94.51(Computer Science, Theory & Methods)We develop a communication reduced multi-time- step (CRMT) algorithm for a Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) based on a block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). This algorithm is based on the temporal blocking method, and can improve computational efficiency by replacing a communication bottleneck with additional computation. The proposed method is implemented on an extreme scale airflow simulation code CityLBM, and its impact on the scalability is tested on GPU based supercomputers, TSUBAME and Reedbush. Thanks to the CRMT algorithm, the communication cost is reduced by 
, and weak and strong scalings are improved up to 
GPUs. The obtained performance indicates that real time airflow simulations for about 2km square area with the wind speed of 
is feasible using 1m resolution.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro
Proceedings of 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-26) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2018/07
A large-scale simulation of the environmental dynamics of radioactive substances is very important from the viewpoint of nuclear security. Recently, GPU has been emerging as one of high performance devices to realize a large-scale simulation with less power consumption. We design a plume dispersion simulation based on the AMR-based LBM. We measure the performance of the LBM code on the GPU-rich supercomputer TSUBAME 3.0 at Tokyo Tech. We achieved good weak scaling from 4 GPUs to 144 GPUs, and 30 times higher node performance with CPUs. The code is validated against a wind tunnel test which was released from the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The computational grids are subdivided by the AMR method, and the total number of grid points is reduced to less than 10% compared to the finest meshes. In spite of the fewer grid points, the turbulent statistics and plume dispersion are in good agreement with the experiment data.
Onodera, Naoyuki
no journal, ,
The simulation for dissipation of radioactive substances attract high social interest, and it is required to satisfy both the rapidity and the accuracy. To perform a real-time simulation with high resolution mesh for the scale of human living area such as alleyways and buildings, it is required to develop simulation schemes which can fully utilize high computational performance. In this study, we introduced a nudging-based data assimilation method into the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), so that we can performe plume dissipation simulations for urban area.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Kawamura, Takuma; Nakayama, Hiromasa; Shimokawabe, Takashi*; Aoki, Takayuki*
no journal, ,
The simulation for dispersion of radioactive substances attract high social interest, and it is required to satisfy both the speed and the accuracy. To perform a real-time simulation with high resolution mesh for the scale of human living area involving alleyways and buildings, it is required to develop simulation schemes which can fully utilize high computational performance. In this study, we introduced a nudging-based data assimilation method and a plant canopy model into the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), and confirmed the accuracy of plume dispersion simulations for urban areas is improved.
Onodera, Naoyuki
no journal, ,
The plume dispersion simulations is very important from the viewpoint of nuclear security, and it is also required to satisfy both calculation speed and accuracy. GPU accelerated CFD method enables both high-resolution and real-time wind simulations in urban areas. In this presentation, we applied a communication reduced multi-time-step algorithm to AMR based CityLBM, and we realized a real-time plume dispersion simulation on GPU supercomputers.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Hasegawa, Yuta; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Asahi, Yuichi; Kawamura, Takuma; Ina, Takuya; Shimomura, Kazuya; Inagaki, Atsushi*; Suzuki, Shinichi*; Hirano, Kohin*; et al.
no journal, ,
Wind prediction based on digital twin is a promising technology that can contribute to the construction of new social infrastructures, including applications to smart city design and operation. In this poster presentation, we will introduce wind simulations based on data assimilation with observations and mesoscale meteorological data for the realization of a digital twin of wind conditions in urban areas.
Onodera, Naoyuki
no journal, ,
Wind prediction based on digital twin is a promising technology that can contribute to the construction of new social infrastructures, including applications to smart city design and operation. We have developed a wind simulation code that covers the mesoscale to the pedestrian scale to achieve a digital twin of wind. In this presentation, we will introduce GPU-based acceleration techniques and data assimilation techniques with observations data to realize a digital twin of wind conditions in urban areas.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Shimokawabe, Takashi*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Kawamura, Takuma; Asahi, Yuichi; Hasegawa, Yuta; Ina, Takuya; Shimomura, Kazuya; Inagaki, Atsushi*; Hirano, Kohin*; et al.
no journal, ,
The project goal is to realize real-time wind prediction in urban areas by assimilating observed data into real-time wind simulations on GPU supercomputers. In FY2022, the first year of the project, we developed a dynamic optimization method for model variables by applying a particle filter (PF) based data assimilation method to reproduce wind conditions in the atmospheric boundary layer with high accuracy. The numerical simulations for the field experiment in Oklahoma City showed improvements of about 10 % for the standard deviation error of the all-day velocity compared to the results without the application of PF. In addition, a multi-scale analysis based on boundary conditions given by a geographic information system (GIS) and a cloud-resolving numerical model (CReSS) was realized for the Tokyo metropolitan area.
Onodera, Naoyuki; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Hasegawa, Yuta; Asahi, Yuichi; Inagaki, Atsushi*; Shimose, Kenichi*; Hirano, Kohin*
no journal, ,
Our research group has been developing a multi-scale wind simulation code, CityLBM, which covers a wide area including the entire city as well as small alleys. CityLBM can perform real-time simulations by applying the AMR method and GPU acceleration to the lattice Boltzmann method. This study performed a meter-resolution simulation of the area around the Tokyo Institute of Technology. The simulation results were compared with the Doppler lidar observations, and it was confirmed that the simulation reproduced the wind conditions well, even under the conditions of large changes in the main wind direction during the day.
Onodera, Naoyuki
no journal, ,
The Center for Computational Science and Engineering Center of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (CCSE) is developing real-time wind simulation and data assimilation methods as a wind digital twin for nuclear disaster prevention. In this presentation, we will show urban wind simulations and data assimilation of wind tunnel experiments on a GPU supercomputer SGI8600.
